Punctele cefalometrice, după (1), sunt date în tabelul de mai jos. De asemenea, este prezentată și localizarea lor în figura 1.

Table 1 – Definitions of anatomical landmarks used in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) images

 

 

	Landmark	Definition
1	Porion	Most superior point of left external acoustic meatus (2D)
		Most superior point of outer rim of left external acoustic meatus (3D)
2	Sella	Geometric centre of the pituitary fossa located by visual inspection
3	Orbitale	Most inferior point of left infraorbital rim
4	Nasion	Most anterior point on frontonasal suture in the midsagittal plane (2D)
		Midpoint of frontonasal suture (3D)
5	Basion	Lowest point on anterior rim of foramen magnum (2D)
		Most anterior point of foramen magnum (3D)
6	Supramentale	Most posterior midline point in the concavity of the mandible between the most superior point
		on the alveolar bone overlying the lower incisors and pogonion
7	Pogonion	Most anterior midpoint of the chin on the outline
8	Gnathion	Point located by taking the midpoint between the anterior (pogonion) and inferior (menton)
		points of the bony chin (2D)
		Most anterior and inferior point on contour of symphysis (3D)
9	Menton	Lowest point on the symphyseal shadow of the mandible seen on a lateral cephalogram (2D)
		Most inferior midpoint of chin (3D)
10	Gonion	Point on curvature of the left angle of the mandible located by bisecting the angle formed by
		lines tangent  to the posterior ramus and the inferior border of the mandible
11	Ramus point	Most posterior point up the border of the left ramus
12	Midramus	Most concave point on the anterior of the left ramus
13	Sigmoid notch	Most inferior border along the top of the left ramus
14	Condylion	Most posterosuperior point of left mandibular condyle in the sagittal plane
15	Subspinale	Most posterior midline point in the concavity between anterior nasal spine and prosthion (most
		inferior point on alveolar bone overlying maxillary incisors)
16	Anterior nasal spine	Anterior tip of the nasal spine (2D)
		Most anterior midpoint of the anterior nasal spine of the maxilla (3D)
17	Posterior nasal spine	Posterior spine of palatine bone constituting the hard palate (2D)
		Most posterior midpoint of posterior nasal spine of the palatine bone (3D)
18	Upper 6 occlusal	Most inferior point of mesial buccal cusp of upper left first molar
19	Lower 6 occlusal	Most superior point of mesial buccal cusp of lower left first molar
20	L1 labial gingival border	Most anterosuperior point on the mandibular alveolar process, usually found near the
		cementoenamel junction of the mandibular central incisors (2D)
		Most anterior superior point on the mandible at its labial contact, in the median plane, between
		the mandibular central incisors (3D)
21	L1 tip	Midpoint of incisal edge of the most prominent lower central incisor
22	L1 root	Root apex of the most prominent lower central incisor
23	L1 lingual gingival border	Most posterosuperior point  on the mandibular alveolar process, usually found near the
		cementoenamel  junction of the mandibular central incisors (2D)
		Most posterior superior point  on the mandible at its lingual contact, in the median  plane,
		between the mandibular central incisors (3D)
24	U1 labial gingival border	Point of the maxillary alveolar process in the midline that projects most anteriorly  (2D)
		Most inferior anterior point on the alveolar portion of the premaxilla, in the median  plane,
		between the upper central incisors (3D)
25	U1 tip	Midpoint of incisal edge of the most prominent upper central incisor
26	U1 root	Root apex of the most prominent upper central incisor
27	U1 lingual gingival border	Point of the maxillary alveolar process in the midline that projects most posteriorly  (2D)
		Most inferior posterior point on the alveolar portion of the premaxilla, in the median  plane,
		between the upper central incisors (3D)